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河北省出台政策措施促进林下经济发展 推动森林“四库”价值充分释放_我的网站

A |     日报讯（曹智、王虹敏）近日，省林草局印发《关于促进林下经济发展的政策措施》，立足省森林资源禀赋，围绕科学利用林地资源、培育壮大经营主体、打通产业发展堵点、强化要素保障等方面推出一揽子实招，推动森林“四库”（水库、钱库、粮库、碳库）价值充分释放，以林下经济提质增效助力乡村全面振兴。    CARACAS, Venezuela -- Frightened by unprecedented violence on the streets and within prisons, Ecuadorians have a universal demand for the president they will choose Sunday — safety.The runoff election in the South American country pits an heir to a banana empire, Daniel Noboa, and an attorney, Luisa González. Both have limited governing experience and will undoubtedly have their work cut out.The election comes as more Ecuadorians become victims of drug-related violence that erupted roughly three years ago and intensified in August, when a presidential candidate was assassinated in broad daylight. People continuously watch their backs and limit how often they leave home. The uneasiness even pushed Noboa to add a bulletproof vest to his daily outfit.Whoever wins with a simple majority of votes will govern for only 15 months, until May 2025, which is what remains of the presidency of Guillermo Lasso. He cut his term short when he dissolved the country’s National Assembly in May as lawmakers carried out impeachment proceedings against him over alleged improprieties in a contract by a state-owned company.Lasso, a conservative former banker, clashed constantly with lawmakers after his election in 2021 and decided not to run in the special election. Under Lasso's watch, violent deaths soared, reaching 4,600 in 2022, the country’s highest in history and double the total in 2021. The National Police tallied 3,568 violent deaths in the first half of 2023.“Security affects us all, and whether poor or rich, no one is safe from criminals anymore,” housewife Ximena Flores said ahead of the runoff election. “Do you think that a new president will be able to do something in such a short time? I think not. It will be a new disappointment for everyone.”The spike in violence is tied to cocaine trafficking. Mexican, Colombian and Balkan cartels have set roots in Ecuador and operate with assistance from local criminal gangs.Voting is mandatory in Ecuador for people ages 18 through 64. Those who don’t comply face a fine of about $45. Polls were to close in late afternoon, and results were expected Sunday evening.Noboa and González, both of whom have served short stints as lawmakers, advanced to the runoff by finishing ahead of six other candidates in the election’s first round Aug. 22.Noboa, 35, is an heir to a fortune built on Ecuador’s main crop, bananas. His political career began in 2021, when he won a seat in the National Assembly and chaired its Economic Development Commission. He opened an event organizing company when he was 18 and then joined his father’s Noboa Corp., where he held management positions in the shipping, logistics and commercial areas.González, 45, held various government jobs during the decade-long presidency of Rafael Correa, her mentor, and was a lawmaker until May. She was unknown to most voters until Correa’s party picked her as its presidential candidate. At the start of the campaign, she said Correa would be her adviser, but she has recently tried to distance herself a bit in an effort to court voters who oppose the former president.___Associated Press writer Gonzalo Solano in Quito, Ecuador, contributed to this report.。林下经济是盘活林业资源、拓宽群众增收渠道、推动生态优势转化为发展优势的重要路径。此次出台的政策措施对标国家相关政策部署，紧扣实际，突出提质、兴业、利民导向，既守牢生态保护底线，又着力破解林地利用、经营模式、资金技术等现实难题，为全省林下经济发展划定路径、明晰规则。措施明确，将林下经济林地利用范围分为优先利用、限制利用和禁止利用三种类型。发展林下经济应优先利用商品林地，在维持森林生态系统健康稳定的前提下，可开展适度规模化、集约化林下经济活动。在限制利用林地范围内禁止进行全面林地清理，只能进行小块或穴状整地，禁止使用化学肥料和化学农药。全面实行集体林地“三权分置”，依托现有平台搭建林权流转交易系统，积极推动林地经营权流转规范化、市场化、信息化。支持经营主体通过出租、入股等方式合作开展森林经营和发展林下经济，积极培育集体林场、家庭林场、股份合作林场、林业专业合作社等新型经营主体，释放规模经营效应。探索开展林地林木代管、统一经营作业等专业化服务。允许通过租赁、特许经营等方式开展国有森林资源资产有偿使用。

B | 国有林场在科学划定林下经济活动适宜区域后，可根据资源条件和乡村产业需求发展林下经济。积极推广我省“国有林场带民营”模式，发挥国有林场的技术和管理优势，推动生态培育、绿色防控、智能监测、轮作轮养等林下经济技术普及，“场村合作”共建高标准林下经济基地。鼓励林权收储机构按照属地“林业标准地”指标体系和林业生产企业需求，修筑必要的直接为林业生产经营服务的工程设施，配套必要的用于林下经济产品加工、森林康养、生态旅游科普的建设用地，通过建设水、电、路、网、房等配套基础设施打造“林业标准地”，为林业生产企业提供“定制服务”。探索建立科学的森林复合经营模式，充分保障森林生态系统质量和产品品质，推动林下优质生态产品供给稳定、可持续。加强乡土优良品种的保护与利用，健全覆盖种苗培育、环境调控、投入品使用、产品加工等林下种植全环节的技术标准。推动林下经济产业延链补链，加快形成上下游结合、一二三产业融合发展的良好格局。鼓励深加工企业在林下经济产品主产区建设初加工基地、产地仓，并在资金、项目、用地等方面给予支持，推动优质林下初级产品在食品加工、医药产业、生物化工、动物饲料等领域的应用。推广“龙头企业+基地+农户”“合作社+农户”等利益联结机制，发展“订单式”生产，稳定产销关系。支持科研机构和院校发挥人才与技术优势，开展林下经济关键技术研究，研发和推广适应林地环境的轻简化、智能化机械装备。

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