绝命毒师

中国科学报消息，5月12日，据媒体报道，人类首例猪肾移植患者Richard Slayman在术后不到两个月去世，享年62岁。美国麻省总医院（MGH）研究团队于5月11日正式宣布了此消息。         The first cargo ship of the China-Europe Arctic Express berths at Ningbo Zhoushan Port in East China's Zhejiang Province on December 6, 2025. Photo: VCG
A Chinese shipping company has confirmed with the Global Times the plan to launch a regular container service via Russia's Northern Sea Route to Europe this week, marking a new Arctic option for Asia-Europe trade once it sets sail.
Chinese container shipping company Sea Legend Shipping told the Global Times on Tuesday that its vessel Dubai Tower, originally scheduled to depart Ningbo-Zhoushan Port in East China's Zhejiang Province, on August 15, has had its departure adjusted because of weather conditions. The company said it is making internal arrangements for the maiden voyage of the China-Europe Arctic Express Route. 
According to industry observers, the move reflects growing interest in Arctic shipping as global logistics networks continue to diversify beyond traditional canal routes. As polar ice retreats and seasonal navigation windows widen, the Arctic is emerging as a practical alternative for some Asia-Europe shipments, particularly those seeking to avoid congested or geopolitically sensitive sea lanes.
On Monday, the Financial Times reported that Sea Legend would launch the first regular container shipping service through the Arctic this week. The report said the company has branded the service the "Ice Silk Road," a reference to the historical Silk Road linking China and Europe.
The move comes as Arctic shipping increases amid rapidly shrinking sea ice. The Northern Sea Route recorded a record 23 transits last summer, up from 15 in 2024, according to figures cited by the FT.
Sea Legend told the Global Times that, compared with traditional China-Europe routes that can take around 40 days, the Arctic passage could cut transit time by nearly half, reducing the journey to about 20 days under direct service conditions.
The inaugural voyage is expected to call at Qingdao Port, Shanghai Port, Taicang Port and Ningbo-Zhoushan Port in China before continuing to European ports including Teesport and Felixstowe in the UK, Hamburg in Germany and Gdynia in Poland. The final domestic calling sequence may still change due to typhoon-related weather conditions.
The service will carry cargo including energy storage containers and related components, power batteries and new energy vehicles - goods that typically require faster transit, stable schedules and controlled transport conditions.
Sea Legend said the Arctic route could offer exporters a new solution in terms of both speed and reliability, as traditional canal and mainline routes face growing uncertainty from congestion, geopolitical disruptions and longer port waiting times.
The company also said the route has cooperation agreements with destination terminals including Felixstowe, Rotterdam, Wilhelmshaven and Antwerp, giving vessels priority berthing and a "green channel" advantage that could reduce anchorage delays and logistics costs.
Zhong Zhechao, an international logistics service expert told the Global Times on Tuesday that the move highlights rising interest in using the Arctic region for shipping, with Arctic shipping gradually becoming a practical alternative in the global logistics network as melting ice expands seasonal navigation windows and shipping lines seek to avoid congested and geopolitically sensitive sea lanes.
For exporters - especially cross-border e-commerce firms, manufacturers of seasonal products, and new energy companies - shorter shipping times could ease inventory pressure and reduce working-capital costs by allowing more flexible production and sales planning.
Zhong said this may be particularly valuable for companies racing to meet European sales seasons, as shorter transit times improve responsiveness to overseas demand.
The company also said the Arctic's low-temperature environment may be especially suitable for transporting new energy products such as batteries and energy storage systems, which require heightened attention to safety and thermal-risk considerations during transit.
Looking ahead, Sea Legend aims to achieve roughly four months of stable annual operation within the next three to five years, with a longer-term goal of year-round Arctic navigation within five to ten years.
The launch underscores how Chinese shipping firms are accelerating their Arctic deployment, turning what was once a long-term vision into operational reality.
According to the Xinhua News Agency, in September 2025, Ningbo-Zhoushan Port launched its first China-Europe Arctic container express route. The move was expected to provide strong support for trade enterprises to expand into new international logistics channels, the port said.
In recent years, Arctic shipping routes have increasingly come under the spotlight in the international community and have the potential to become important routes in international trade, Lin Jian, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson, told a press conference in September 2025.
China stands ready to work with Russia and other Arctic states as well as interested countries to strengthen international cooperation on the building and operation of basic infrastructure along Arctic shipping routes and jointly advance the development and exploration of the routes and protect the environment there, Lin said.
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据华中科技大学同济医院器官移植研究所教授、同济医院器官获取组织（OPO）首席顾问陈忠华透露，他从为该患者实施手术的美国研究团队处获悉，患者于5月6日死于心脏病。死亡原因与移植物功能没直接关系。此前，研究团队估计，这位患者至少能活两年以上。

“很遗憾，患者虽然‘挺’过了异种器官移植超急排异反应、围手术期风险、感染及早期康复等阶段，但没能‘熬’过可能因多种综合因素导致的心脏问题。”陈忠华说，病人患尿毒症11年，曾做过一次同种移植，而且患有高血压和2型糖尿病。

该患者出院后复查时曾公开表示，“相比此前的长期透析，现在能吃、能喝，感觉真好”。

另据第一财经，在斯莱曼去世后，该医院的移植团队表示，没有任何迹象表明移植是导致死亡的原因。不过斯莱曼的具体死因尚未公布。

器官移植专家、复旦大学上海医学院副院长朱同玉表示：“患者的死亡原因还是要通过具体的病理分析才能得知，但此前两名接受猪心移植的患者在移植手术后也都没有活过两个月，这说明异种移植在真正进入到临床应用前，还面临很多挑战。”

据央视新闻，美国马萨诸塞综合医院3月21日发布消息称，该院医学专家已成功为一名美国男性终末期肾病患者进行了一项特殊的移植手术，将经基因编辑的猪肾脏移植入其体内。这是全球首例。这名男子术后恢复良好。

据介绍，该院移植中心的专家于16日进行了这项耗时4小时的手术。接受猪肾脏移植的患者是现年62岁的理查德·斯莱曼。斯莱曼多年来一直患2型糖尿病和高血压，曾长期透析。他于2018年12月在该院接受了肾移植手术，但几年后其移植的肾脏出现衰竭迹象，不得不于2023年5月恢复透析。

二 | 后来斯莱曼出现血管通路相关并发症，医生建议其进行猪肾脏移植。美国食品和药物管理局基于“同情使用”规则批准了这项移植手术。

该医院表示，这次移植手术使用的猪肾脏经过了69处基因组编辑，其中包括“敲除”会引起人类排异反应的基因，添加一些人类基因以改善动物器官与人体的兼容性。

三 | 此外，研究团队让猪体内的逆转录病毒基因失活，以防相关病毒影响接受移植者。该院医学专家表示，希望这种移植方案能为全球数百万肾衰竭患者带来希望。

四 |

据美国非营利机构器官共享联合网络组织数据，美国有超过10万人等待器官移植，平均每天有17人在等待器官的过程中死亡。为应对人体器官供应源短缺，研究人员长期致力于研究异种器官移植。猪因其器官组织结构、生理功能和大小与人体器官相近，被视为异种器官移植最佳供体动物之一，但异种器官移植仍有许多困难和风险有待通过科学研究和临床试验攻克。

美国此前曾进行两例活体人类猪心脏移植手术，但两名患者都在术后数月内死亡。去年7月，美国纽约大学兰贡医疗中心团队曾进行一例猪肾脏移植手术，受试者是一名已被判定为脑死亡的57岁男性。